The US Supreme Court ruled in Jacobson v Massachusetts that the Preamble to the Constitution does not confer any legislative powers -- so you cannot use the words of the Preamble to infer that the Federal Government has any power to do anything.

The relevent clause is the spending clause -- Article I, Section 8 where it states "to provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States". As the author has so ably pointed out, this applies to the United States as a whole, not individual citizens or certain States over others.